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Atlante - Revue d'études romanes - Tag 1755 https://atlante.univ-lille.fr/tag/1755 fr Wed, 09 May 2018 15:59:00 +0200 PluXml 08. Le séisme de 1755 à Cadix https://atlante.univ-lille.fr/08-le-seisme-de-1755-a-cadix.html https://atlante.univ-lille.fr/08-le-seisme-de-1755-a-cadix.html <p>Bernard Vincent<br />&Eacute;cole des Hautes &Eacute;tudes en Sciences Sociales<br />p. 221-232.</p><p>&nbsp;</p> <p><strong>Bernard VINCENT, &laquo; Le s&eacute;isme de 1755 &agrave; Cadix &raquo;.</strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>R&eacute;sum&eacute;.&nbsp;</strong>En prenant appui sur l&rsquo;exemple de Cadix et les r&eacute;cits de l&rsquo;effet du s&eacute;isme de 1755 dans cette ville andalouse, cet article rappelle que l&rsquo;impact de cet &eacute;v&eacute;nement ne s&rsquo;est pas limit&eacute; &agrave; la destruction de Lisbonne. Cadix &eacute;tait &agrave; l&rsquo;&eacute;poque un port et un centre urbain important, renforc&eacute;e par l&rsquo;installation dans la ville de la&nbsp;Casa de Contrataci&oacute;n&nbsp;(1717). Il y habitait une communaut&eacute; significative de citoyens Fran&ccedil;ais, dont des figures du monde savant comme l&rsquo;astronome Louis Godin, qui avait particip&eacute; &agrave; des missions scientifiques de l&rsquo;Acad&eacute;mie des Sciences et avait &eacute;t&eacute; t&eacute;moin du s&eacute;isme p&eacute;ruvien de 1746. L&rsquo;un de ses r&eacute;cits sur les effets du s&eacute;isme et du tsunami dans la ville, centr&eacute; sur la n&eacute;cessit&eacute; de mesurer et d&rsquo;&eacute;valuer le risque, est pr&eacute;sent&eacute; et transcrit dans la deuxi&egrave;me partie de l&rsquo;article.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Mots-cl&eacute;s.&nbsp;</strong>C&aacute;diz, Louis Godin, risk, Lima earthquake, Lisbon earthquake, 1746, 1755.</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p><strong><strong>Bernard VINCENT, &laquo; The 1755 Earthquake in Cadiz &raquo;.</strong></strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Abstract.&nbsp;</strong>Drawing on the example of C&aacute;diz and the accounts of the considerable destruction in this city by the 1755 earthquake, this article reminds us that the impact of this event was not limited to the destruction of Lisbon. The urban and administrative importance of C&aacute;diz had grown during the late 17th century and the 18th, enhanced by the transfer of the&nbsp;Casa de Contrataci&oacute;n&nbsp;into the city (1717). There lived a significant French community, including members of the scientific world as the astronomer Louis Godin, who had previously participated in scientific missions of the French Academy of Sciences and had witnessed the Peruvian earthquake 1746. In the second part of the article is transcribed one of Godin&rsquo;s report on the effects of the earthquake and tsunami, centred on the need to measure and assess risk.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Keywords.&nbsp;</strong>C&aacute;diz, Louis Godin, risk, Lima earthquake, Lisbon earthquake, 1746, 1755.</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p><strong><a href="https://atlante.univ-lille.fr/data/images/_articles/ATLANTE_1_8.pdf">T&eacute;l&eacute;charger l'article complet (pdf, 212 Kb)</a></strong></p> Wed, 09 May 2018 15:59:00 +0200 admin 07. Le tremblement de terre politique (1755-1759) « <em>Le Portugal accablé et ébranlé</em> » https://atlante.univ-lille.fr/07-le-tremblement-de-terre-politique-1755-1759-le-portugal-accable-et-ebranle.html https://atlante.univ-lille.fr/07-le-tremblement-de-terre-politique-1755-1759-le-portugal-accable-et-ebranle.html <p>Jos&eacute; Subtil<br />Universidade Nova de Lisboa<br />p. 184-220.</p><p>&nbsp;</p> <p><strong>Jos&eacute; SUBTIL, &laquo; Le tremblement de terre politique (1755-1759) &laquo; <em>Le Portugal accabl&eacute; et &eacute;branl&eacute;</em> &raquo; &raquo;.</strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>R&eacute;sum&eacute;.</strong>&nbsp;L&rsquo;article d&eacute;crit les &eacute;normes cons&eacute;quences politiques du s&eacute;isme dans le gouvernement du Portugal, &agrave; l&rsquo;origine d&rsquo;une centralisation politique sans pr&eacute;c&eacute;dent, conduite dans les ann&eacute;es apr&egrave;s 1755 par le groupe du secr&eacute;taire d&rsquo;&Eacute;tat Sebasti&atilde;o Jos&eacute; de Carvalho e Melo (futur comte d&rsquo;Oeiras et Marquis de Pombal). Si la plupart des aspects de cette centralisation sont bien connus, l&rsquo;article montre l&rsquo;encha&icirc;nement presque vertigineux d&rsquo;&eacute;v&eacute;nements que le s&eacute;isme a rendus possibles&nbsp;: mesures d&rsquo;exception suivies de conspirations contre le ministre Carvalho e Melo, tentative d&rsquo;attentat contre le roi, suivie de r&eacute;pression brutale contre la grande noblesse et la Compagnie de J&eacute;sus. L&rsquo;auteur montre tr&egrave;s concr&egrave;tement comment la destruction physique des lieux du pouvoir (le palais royal, les tribunaux et les conseils) a permis une action politique nouvelle, bas&eacute;e sur l&rsquo;accaparement de comp&eacute;tences par les fid&egrave;les du ministre et le d&eacute;veloppement du pouvoir des intendants, au d&eacute;triment des formes traditionnelles de d&eacute;cision politique et d&rsquo;administration de la justice.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Mots-cl&eacute;s.&nbsp;</strong>attentat, Carvalho e Melo (marquis de Pombal), j&eacute;suites, s&eacute;isme, tremblement de terre de Lisbonne, 1755.</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p><strong><strong>Jos&eacute; SUBTIL, &laquo; The Political Earthquake (1755-1759) &laquo;&nbsp;<em>Le Portugal accabl&eacute; et &eacute;branl&eacute;</em>&nbsp;&raquo; &raquo;.</strong></strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Abstract.&nbsp;</strong>This article describes the enormous political consequences of the 1755 earthquake. It originated an unprecedented political centralization, conducted in the years after 1755 by the faction of the secretary of state Sebasti&atilde;o Jos&eacute; de Carvalho e Melo (the future Count of Oeiras and Marquis de Pombal). While most aspects of this centralization are well known, the article shows the sequence of political events that the earthquake made possible: exceptional measures originated conspiracies against Carvalho e Melo and an attempt to assassinate the King, which was followed by a brutal repression against the nobility and the Society of Jesus. The author shows concretely how the physical destruction of the places of power (the royal palace, courts and councils) allowed for new forms of political action, at the expenses of traditional forms of decision-making and administration of justice.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Keywords.&nbsp;</strong>attempt, Carvalho e Melo (marquis of Pombal), Jesuits, seism, Lisbon earthquake, 1755.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">&nbsp;</p> <p><strong><a href="https://atlante.univ-lille.fr/data/images/_articles/ATLANTE_1_7.pdf">T&eacute;l&eacute;charger l'article complet (pdf, 336 Kb)</a></strong></p> Wed, 09 May 2018 15:58:00 +0200 admin 06. Quelques variations stylistiques sur un même événement https://atlante.univ-lille.fr/06-quelques-variations-stylistiques-sur-un-meme-evenement.html https://atlante.univ-lille.fr/06-quelques-variations-stylistiques-sur-un-meme-evenement.html <p>Robert Horville<br />Universit&eacute; Lille 3<br />p. 167-182.</p><p>&nbsp;</p> <p><strong>Robert HORVILLE, &laquo; Quelques variations stylistiques sur un m&ecirc;me &eacute;v&eacute;nement &raquo;.</strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>R&eacute;sum&eacute;.&nbsp;</strong>Robert Horville &eacute;tudie, en les comparant, quatre mises en &eacute;crit de la catastrophe de 1755&nbsp;: la lettre de Miguel Tiberio Pedegache, correspondant &agrave; Lisbonne du&nbsp;Journal &eacute;tranger, dat&eacute;e du 11 novembre 1755, dix jours apr&egrave;s l&rsquo;&eacute;v&eacute;nement&nbsp;;&nbsp;le Po&egrave;me sur le d&eacute;sastre de Lisbonne&nbsp;de Voltaire, publi&eacute; au d&eacute;but de 1756&nbsp;; les chapitres V &agrave; IX de&nbsp;Candide&nbsp;; enfin la lettre sur la Providence adress&eacute;e par Jean-Jacques Rousseau &agrave; Voltaire le 18 ao&ucirc;t 1756. La premi&egrave;re offre le r&eacute;cit d&rsquo;un t&eacute;moin soucieux de rapporter les faits avec exactitude et de brosser un tableau saisissant de la destruction de la ville et des souffrances de la population. Les deux &eacute;crits de Voltaire, distants de quelques ann&eacute;es, se distinguent par le style, path&eacute;tique dans le premier, ironique et distanci&eacute; dans le second, et par la nature des th&egrave;ses &laquo;&nbsp;optimistes&nbsp;&raquo; mises en question dans le po&egrave;me, et ridiculis&eacute;es dans le conte. R&eacute;pondant au po&egrave;me de Voltaire, Rousseau en retourne l&rsquo;argumentation dans sa Lettre, et propose une lecture &laquo;&nbsp;providentialiste&nbsp;&raquo; du d&eacute;sastre adoss&eacute;e &agrave; sa critique des d&eacute;r&egrave;glements de la civilisation.</p> <p><strong>Mots-cl&eacute;s.&nbsp;</strong>Candide, optimisme philosophique, Pedegache,&nbsp;Po&egrave;me sur le d&eacute;sastre de Lisbonne, providentialisme, Rousseau, Voltaire, 1755.</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p><strong><strong>Robert HORVILLE, &laquo; Some stylistic variations on the same event &raquo;.</strong></strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Abstract.&nbsp;</strong>In his paper R. Horville studies and compares four pieces of writing concerned with the catastrophe of 1755: a letter from Miguel Tiberio Pedegache, correspondent in Lisbon of the&nbsp;Journal &eacute;tranger, dated from November 11 1755, ten days after the event; Voltaire&rsquo;s&nbsp;Poem on the disaster of Lisbon, published at the beginning of the year 1756; chapters&nbsp;V to IX of&nbsp;Candid; and finally the Letter on Providence addressed to Voltaire by J.-J. Rousseau on the 18th of August 1756. The first offers the narration of a witness anxious to accurately report the facts and to paint a gripping picture of the destruction of the city and the sufferings of its inhabitants. Voltaire&rsquo;s two works, separated from each other by a few years, differ in their style, pathetic in the first, ironic and distanced in the second, and in the nature of the &ldquo;optimistic&rdquo; theories challenged in the poem, and ridiculed in the novel. In a critical answer to Voltaire&rsquo;s Poem, Rousseau, in his Letter, turns the argument upside down and puts forward a &ldquo;providentialistic&rdquo; reading of the disaster, buttressed by his criticism of the dissoluteness of civilisation.</p> <p><strong>Keywords.&nbsp;</strong>Candide, philosophical optimism, Pedegache,&nbsp;Po&egrave;me sur le d&eacute;sastre de Lisbonne, providentialism, Rousseau, Voltaire, 1755.</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p><strong><a href="https://atlante.univ-lille.fr/data/images/_articles/ATLANTE_1_6.pdf">T&eacute;l&eacute;charger l'article complet (pdf, 217 Kb)</a></strong></p> Wed, 09 May 2018 15:56:00 +0200 admin 04. La nouvelle du tremblement de terre : de Lisbonne à Genève et retour https://atlante.univ-lille.fr/04-la-nouvelle-du-tremblement-de-terre-de-lisbonne-a-geneve-et-retour.html https://atlante.univ-lille.fr/04-la-nouvelle-du-tremblement-de-terre-de-lisbonne-a-geneve-et-retour.html <p>Andr&eacute; Belo<br />Universit&eacute; de Rennes 2<br />Equipe d'acueuil ERIMIT EA 4327<br />p. 111-135.</p><p>&nbsp;</p> <p><strong>Andr&eacute; BELO. &laquo; La nouvelle du tremblement de terre : de Lisbonne &agrave; Gen&egrave;ve et retour &raquo;.</strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>R&eacute;sum&eacute;.</strong>&nbsp;L&rsquo;article aborde la circulation de l&rsquo;information sur le tremblement de terre de 1755, en suivant deux parcours diff&eacute;rents&nbsp;: partant de la premi&egrave;re r&eacute;action connue de Voltaire &agrave; la nouvelle du s&eacute;isme, il accompagne le cheminement de l&rsquo;information dans le r&eacute;seau de l&rsquo;&eacute;crivain, depuis peu install&eacute; aux &laquo;&nbsp;D&eacute;lices&nbsp;&raquo;, pr&egrave;s de Gen&egrave;ve&nbsp;; dans un second temps, il s&rsquo;agit de montrer de quelle mani&egrave;re les num&eacute;ros de la&nbsp;Gazette de Lisbonne&nbsp;qui ont &eacute;t&eacute; publi&eacute;s apr&egrave;s le s&eacute;isme, peuvent se r&eacute;v&eacute;ler, au-del&agrave; d&rsquo;un laconisme de surface, une source int&eacute;ressante pour comprendre la r&eacute;action &agrave; la catastrophe. Dans les deux cas, il s&rsquo;agit de lire les toutes premi&egrave;res r&eacute;actions au tremblement de terre de Lisbonne &agrave; partir d&rsquo;une r&eacute;flexion sur l&rsquo;h&eacute;t&eacute;rog&eacute;n&eacute;it&eacute; des moyens de diffusion de l&rsquo;information existant &agrave; l&rsquo;&eacute;poque.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Mots-cl&eacute;s.&nbsp;</strong>Gazette de Lisbonne, information, tremblement de terre de Lisbonne, Voltaire, 1755.</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p><strong>Andr&eacute; BELO. &laquo; News of the earthquaque: From Lisbon to Geneva and Back &raquo;.</strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Abstract.&nbsp;</strong>This essay deals with the circulation of news after the 1755 Lisbon earthquake. Two different routes are followed: starting from the first letter of Voltaire referring to the quake, the article describes the circulation of information within the French writer&rsquo;s network, particularly in Geneva, where Voltaire was by then living; in a second moment, the article analyses briefly the issues of the Lisbon Gazette that were published after the earthquake. It tries to show that, beyond an apparently laconic text, the periodical remains a valuable source for understanding echoes of the disaster. In both cases, the goal is to provide a reflection on the diversity of existing news media at the time.</p> <p><strong>Keywords.&nbsp;</strong>Gazette de Lisbon, information, Lisbon earthquake, Voltaire, 1755.</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p><strong><a href="https://atlante.univ-lille.fr/data/images/_articles/ATLANTE_1_4.pdf">T&eacute;l&eacute;charger l'article complet (pdf, 358 Kb)</a></strong></p> <p>&nbsp;</p> Wed, 09 May 2018 15:51:00 +0200 admin 03. « Quand s’entrouvre et chancelle cette terre qui nous porte… » Sur quelques représentations mythiques et usages poétiques du tremblement de terre https://atlante.univ-lille.fr/02-quand-sentrouvre-et-chancelle-cette-terre-qui-nous-porte-sur-quelques-representations-mythiques-et-usages-poetiques-du-tremblement-de-terre.html https://atlante.univ-lille.fr/02-quand-sentrouvre-et-chancelle-cette-terre-qui-nous-porte-sur-quelques-representations-mythiques-et-usages-poetiques-du-tremblement-de-terre.html <p>Philippe Rousseau<br />Universit&eacute; Lille 3<br />Savoirs, Texte, Langage UMR 8163<br />p. 81-109.</p><p>&nbsp;</p> <p><strong>Philippe ROUSSEAU, &laquo; Quand s&rsquo;entrouvre et chancelle cette terre qui nous porte&hellip; &raquo; Sur quelques repr&eacute;sentations mythiques et usages po&eacute;tiques du tremblement de terre.</strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>R&eacute;sum&eacute;.</strong>&nbsp;Afin de compl&eacute;ter l&rsquo;&eacute;tude de l&rsquo;effet du s&eacute;isme de 1755 sur les consciences et les discussions qui suivirent le d&eacute;sastre au Portugal et en Europe, Ph. Rousseau part du trait&eacute; dans lequel S&eacute;n&egrave;que analyse les r&eacute;actions des hommes devant ces catastrophes naturelles et s&rsquo;applique &agrave; pr&eacute;munir ses lecteurs contre la peur, si compr&eacute;hensible, de ces &eacute;v&eacute;nements redoutables, et &agrave; les mettre en garde contre les interpr&eacute;tations et les conduites irrationnelles que ceux-ci inspirent. Dans cette description de l&rsquo;exp&eacute;rience mentale spontan&eacute;e de la catastrophe, le sto&iuml;cien recourt &agrave; une image dont la premi&egrave;re attestation remonte &agrave; la plus ancienne description d&rsquo;un tremblement de terre dans la po&eacute;sie occidentale, au d&eacute;but du chant XX de l&rsquo;<em>Iliade</em>. Le choix de cette citation est d&eacute;lib&eacute;r&eacute;. S&eacute;n&egrave;que relie par ce biais l&rsquo;exp&eacute;rience de la conscience commune aux repr&eacute;sentations qui donnent &agrave; cet &eacute;branlement cosmique le sens d&rsquo;un &eacute;v&eacute;nement eschatologique &ndash; la manifestation surnaturelle d&rsquo;un dessein divin et l&rsquo;annonce de la fin du monde ou d&rsquo;un &acirc;ge du monde. Le d&eacute;cha&icirc;nement des forces telluriques a pu encore passer en 1755 pour l&rsquo;effet de la col&egrave;re divine et une pr&eacute;figuration de la fin des temps comme, dans la th&eacute;omachie iliadique, l&rsquo;&eacute;branlement du sol par Pos&eacute;idon annonce, figurativement, la fin de l&rsquo;&acirc;ge des h&eacute;ros.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Mots-cl&eacute;s.</strong>&nbsp;catastrophe, &eacute;v&eacute;nement eschatologique,&nbsp;<em>Iliade</em>, S&eacute;n&egrave;que, tremblement de terre de Lisbonne, 1755.</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p><strong>Philippe ROUSSEAU,&nbsp;&laquo; Quand s&rsquo;entrouvre et chancelle cette terre qui nous porte&hellip; &raquo;&nbsp;On some mythical representations and poetic uses of the earthquake.</strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Abstract.</strong>&nbsp;In order to complete the study of the impact of the earthquake of 1755 on the minds of the people and the discussions which followed the disaster in Portugal and in Europe, Ph.&nbsp;Rousseau takes as his starting point the treatise in which Seneca studies the way human beings react to those natural catastrophes and endeavours to protect his readers against the very understandable fear of those terrifying events as well as to warn them against the irrational interpretations and behaviours inspired by them. Describing the spontaneous human response to this kind of catastrophe the Stoic philosopher makes use of an image of which the first attestation goes back to the oldest depiction of an earthquake in European poetry, at the beginning of book&nbsp;XX in the Iliad. The quotation is intentional. Seneca links up through it the common experience of the human mind and the mythical representations which give to the cosmic tremor the sense of an eschatological event &ndash; the supernatural manifestation of a divine design and the harbinger of the end of the world or of an age of the world. The outburst of telluric forces could still be taken in 1755 for an effect of the divine wrath and the foreshadowing of the end of time, just as in the Iliadic Theomachy the shaking of the earth by Poseidon figuratively foretells the end of the age of heroes.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Keywords.</strong>&nbsp;catastrophe, eschatological event,&nbsp;<em>Iliad</em>, Lisbon earthquake, Seneca, 1755.</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p><strong><a href="https://atlante.univ-lille.fr/data/images/_articles/ATLANTE_1_3.pdf">T&eacute;l&eacute;charger l'article complet (pdf, 358 Kb)</a>&nbsp;</strong></p> Wed, 09 May 2018 15:49:00 +0200 admin 02. Le désastre de Lisbonne, un <em>teras</em>. En guise d’introduction https://atlante.univ-lille.fr/01-le-desastre-de-lisbonne-un-teras-en-guise-dintroduction.html https://atlante.univ-lille.fr/01-le-desastre-de-lisbonne-un-teras-en-guise-dintroduction.html <p>Olinda Kleiman<br />Universit&eacute; Lille 3<br />CECILLE EA 4074<br />p.8-79.</p><p>&nbsp;</p> <p><strong>Olinda KLEIMAN &laquo;&nbsp;Le desastre de Lisbonne, un <em>teras</em>. En guise d'introduction &raquo;.</strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>R&eacute;sum&eacute;.</strong>&nbsp;Pr&eacute;sentant le num&eacute;ro monographique, Olinda Kleiman en situe le propos dans une interrogation sur les raisons qui ont fait du tremblement de terre de Lisbonne, au moins en Occident, l&rsquo;exemple de r&eacute;f&eacute;rence des s&eacute;ismes catastrophiques, et plus g&eacute;n&eacute;ralement des d&eacute;sastres naturels. Compte sans doute au nombre de ces raisons la lumi&egrave;re que les &eacute;crits de Voltaire ont projet&eacute;e sur l&rsquo;&eacute;v&eacute;nement, mais les facteurs qui ont contribu&eacute; &agrave; cette notori&eacute;t&eacute; exceptionnelle sont plus profonds et ne se r&eacute;duisent pas non plus &agrave; la violence du ph&eacute;nom&egrave;ne, &agrave; l&rsquo;&eacute;tendue des destructions, ni &agrave; la richesse et au prestige de la capitale emport&eacute;e par le d&eacute;sastre. Des &eacute;tudes rassembl&eacute;es dans le num&eacute;ro, l&rsquo;auteur tire la confirmation que cette catastrophe doit la place qui a &eacute;t&eacute; la sienne, synchroniquement et diachroniquement, dans la conscience europ&eacute;enne, au contexte des Lumi&egrave;res dont elle explore les aspects significatifs&nbsp;: diffusion de l&rsquo;information, r&eacute;actions de la soci&eacute;t&eacute; et transformations du pouvoir au Portugal, attitudes contrast&eacute;es des t&eacute;moins dans le compte rendu que leur correspondance donne des faits, conflits th&eacute;oriques et pratiques enfin sur l&rsquo;interpr&eacute;tation &ndash; th&eacute;ologique, m&eacute;taphysique, scientifique &ndash; de l&rsquo;&eacute;v&eacute;nement et la conduite &agrave; tenir devant ses cons&eacute;quences. Le tremblement de terre de Lisbonne eut l&rsquo;&eacute;cho que l&rsquo;on sait parce que les probl&egrave;mes qu&rsquo;il posa et les d&eacute;bats qu&rsquo;il fit na&icirc;tre mirent en r&eacute;sonance les ruptures et les r&eacute;sistances de l&rsquo;&eacute;poque.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Mots-cl&eacute;s. </strong>information, Lumi&egrave;res, s&eacute;isme,&nbsp;<em>teras</em>, tremblement de terre de Lisbonne, Voltaire, 1755.</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p><strong>Olinda KLEIMAN &laquo; The Lisbon Disaster, a <em>teras</em>. By way of an introduction &raquo;.</strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Abstract.</strong><strong style="font-size: 11px;">&nbsp;</strong>Olinda Kleiman sets out the purpose of the monographic issue to be a reflection on the reasons why the Lisbon earthquake of 1755 became, in the Western tradition at least, the emblem of the catastrophic tremor, or, generally, of any natural disaster. One could probably count amongst the causes the illustration shed on the event by Voltaire&rsquo;s writings, but the main contributing factors in such exceptional notoriety go much deeper, and do not also boil down only to the particular violence of the seism, the extent of the destructions, or the wealth and prestige of the capital city wiped out in the disaster. In the studies collected in the volume Olinda Kleiman finds confirmation that the catastrophe owned its fame, and the place it holds in the European consciousness, to the historical context of the Enlightenment, of which she passes in review the most relevant aspects: diffusion of the news, reactions of the society and transformations in the political power in Portugal, difference of attitudes in the way the witnesses report the facts in their letters, and, finally, theoretical and practical conflicts on the theological, metaphysical and scientific interpretation of the event, and the course of action to deal with its consequences. The earthquake in Lisbon made such an impact, because the problems that it created and the controversies to which it gave rise brought into resonance the innovative transformations and the oppositions to change of the era.</p> <div class="surlignable"> <div class="texte entry-content"> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Keywords:&nbsp;</strong>information, Enlightenment, Lisbon earthquake, seism,&nbsp;<em>teras</em>, Voltaire, 1755.</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p><strong><a href="https://atlante.univ-lille.fr/data/images/_articles/ATLANTE_1_2.pdf">T&eacute;l&eacute;charger l'article complet (pdf, 540 Kb)</a></strong></p> <h3>&nbsp;</h3> </div> </div> Tue, 06 Feb 2018 10:49:00 +0100 admin