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Atlante - Revue d'études romanes - Tag tremblement-de-terre-de-lisbonne https://atlante.univ-lille.fr/tag/tremblement-de-terre-de-lisbonne fr Wed, 09 May 2018 16:01:00 +0200 PluXml 09. 1755 – <em>O Grande Terramoto de Lisboa</em> de Filomena Oliveira et Miguel Real (2006) : un drame historique d’hier et d’aujourd’hui https://atlante.univ-lille.fr/09-1755-o-grande-terramoto-de-lisboa-de-filomena-oliveira-et-miguel-real-2006-un-drame-historique-dhier-et-daujourdhui.html https://atlante.univ-lille.fr/09-1755-o-grande-terramoto-de-lisboa-de-filomena-oliveira-et-miguel-real-2006-un-drame-historique-dhier-et-daujourdhui.html <p>Marie-No&euml;lle Ciccia<br />Universit&eacute; Paul Valery - Montpellier III<br />LLACS EA 4582<br />p. 234-260.</p><p>&nbsp;</p> <p><strong>Marie-No&euml;lle CICCIA, &laquo;&nbsp;1755 &ndash; <em>O Grande Terramoto de Lisboa</em> de Filomena Oliveira et Miguel Real (2006) : un drame historique d&rsquo;hier et d&rsquo;aujourd&rsquo;hui &raquo;.</strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>R&eacute;sum&eacute;.</strong>&nbsp;L&rsquo;intrigue fictionnelle de 1755 &ndash;&nbsp;O Grande Terramoto de Lisboa, pi&egrave;ce de Filomena Oliveira et Miguel Real, prend place au sein des &eacute;v&eacute;nements dramatiques du tremblement de terre de Lisbonne, convoquant pour ce faire des figures historiques r&eacute;elles, m&ecirc;l&eacute;es &agrave; des personnages issus de l&rsquo;imagination des auteurs. Cependant, si le s&eacute;isme est symboliquement plac&eacute; au centre de la pi&egrave;ce, c&rsquo;est, certes, en raison de sa gravit&eacute;, mais surtout en raison de ses r&eacute;percussions politiques et sociales, exceptionnelles au point que le Portugal les subirait encore aujourd&rsquo;hui. Filomena Oliveira et Miguel Real affirment en introduction &agrave; l&rsquo;&eacute;dition du texte avoir voulu faire r&eacute;fl&eacute;chir leurs contemporains sur la mentalit&eacute; portugaise actuelle d&eacute;coulant, selon eux, de la politique pombaline impos&eacute;e &agrave; la suite de la catastrophe. Ce drame propose donc une lecture politique liant th&eacute;&acirc;tre, temps et histoire. L&rsquo;objectivit&eacute; historique affich&eacute;e ici se double d&rsquo;une volont&eacute; didactique d&rsquo;interpr&eacute;ter les faits, volont&eacute; qui ne n&eacute;glige pas l&rsquo;appel &agrave; la sensibilit&eacute; du spectateur, associ&eacute;e &agrave; sa capacit&eacute; d&rsquo;&eacute;tablir des comparaisons entre la situation de l&rsquo;&eacute;poque et l&rsquo;actualit&eacute;. C&rsquo;est bien le temps de l&rsquo;&eacute;criture qui fait le sens de l&rsquo;&eacute;v&eacute;nement historique. Filomena Oliveira et Miguel Real ont produit une sorte de drame romantique th&eacute;&acirc;tralisant leur discours politique b&acirc;ti sur la d&eacute;fense d&rsquo;une soci&eacute;t&eacute; civile portugaise en proie &agrave; la crise &eacute;conomique du d&eacute;but du XXIe si&egrave;cle. Ils consid&egrave;rent que, comme au XVIIIe si&egrave;cle, un pouvoir fort impose, du haut, r&egrave;gles et lois cens&eacute;es moderniser le pays, tout comme Pombal a inflig&eacute; sa politique de redressement post-s&eacute;isme &agrave; une soci&eacute;t&eacute; qu&rsquo;il voulait par la force &eacute;riger en nation moderne.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Mots-cl&eacute;s</strong>.&nbsp;Carvalho e Melo (marquis de Pombal), Filomena Oliveira, Miguel Real, tremblement de terre de Lisbonne.</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p><strong><strong>Marie-No&euml;lle CICCIA, &laquo;&nbsp;1755 &ndash;&nbsp;<em>O Grande Terramoto de Lisboa</em>&nbsp;by Filomena Oliveira and Miguel Real (2006) : a historical drama of yesterday and today &raquo;.</strong></strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Abstract.</strong>&nbsp;The fictional plot of 1755 &ndash;&nbsp;O Grande Terramoto de Lisboa, a play by Filomena Oliveira and Miguel Real, takes place during the dramatic events of the earthquake of Lisbon. In order to expose those events, real historical figures are mixed with characters issued from the imagination of the authors. However, if the earthquake is symbolically located at the core of the play, because of its gravity, it is mostly because of its political and social implications so exceptional that Portugal is still suffering from them today. In the introduction to the edited text, Filomena Oliveira and Miguel Real state that their aim was to prompt their contemporaries&rsquo; reflection on the current Portuguese mentality resulting, according to them, in the Pombal policy imposed after the disaster. This drama offers a political reading linking theater, time and history. The pretended historical objectivity is coupled with a didactic desire to interpret the facts, a desire that flatters the sensitivity of the spectator, combined with his ability to draw parallels between the past situation and today. The date of writing endows the historical event with meaning. Filomena Oliveira and Miguel Real have composed a kind of romantic play by dramatizing their political discourse built on the defense of a Portuguese civil society victim of the economic crisis of the early twenty-first century. They consider that, similarly to the eighteenth century, a strong and dominating power is currently setting the rules and the laws intended to modernize the country, in the same way as Pombal imposed his post-earthquake recovery policy to a society he wanted to fashion into a modern nation.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Keywords.</strong>&nbsp;Carvalho e Melo (marquis of Pombal), Filomena Oliveira, Miguel Real, Lisbon earthquake.</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p><strong><a href="https://atlante.univ-lille.fr/data/images/_articles/ATLANTE_1_9.pdf">T&eacute;l&eacute;charger l'article complet (pdf, 323 Kb)</a></strong></p> <p>&nbsp;</p> Wed, 09 May 2018 16:01:00 +0200 admin 07. Le tremblement de terre politique (1755-1759) « <em>Le Portugal accablé et ébranlé</em> » https://atlante.univ-lille.fr/07-le-tremblement-de-terre-politique-1755-1759-le-portugal-accable-et-ebranle.html https://atlante.univ-lille.fr/07-le-tremblement-de-terre-politique-1755-1759-le-portugal-accable-et-ebranle.html <p>Jos&eacute; Subtil<br />Universidade Nova de Lisboa<br />p. 184-220.</p><p>&nbsp;</p> <p><strong>Jos&eacute; SUBTIL, &laquo; Le tremblement de terre politique (1755-1759) &laquo; <em>Le Portugal accabl&eacute; et &eacute;branl&eacute;</em> &raquo; &raquo;.</strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>R&eacute;sum&eacute;.</strong>&nbsp;L&rsquo;article d&eacute;crit les &eacute;normes cons&eacute;quences politiques du s&eacute;isme dans le gouvernement du Portugal, &agrave; l&rsquo;origine d&rsquo;une centralisation politique sans pr&eacute;c&eacute;dent, conduite dans les ann&eacute;es apr&egrave;s 1755 par le groupe du secr&eacute;taire d&rsquo;&Eacute;tat Sebasti&atilde;o Jos&eacute; de Carvalho e Melo (futur comte d&rsquo;Oeiras et Marquis de Pombal). Si la plupart des aspects de cette centralisation sont bien connus, l&rsquo;article montre l&rsquo;encha&icirc;nement presque vertigineux d&rsquo;&eacute;v&eacute;nements que le s&eacute;isme a rendus possibles&nbsp;: mesures d&rsquo;exception suivies de conspirations contre le ministre Carvalho e Melo, tentative d&rsquo;attentat contre le roi, suivie de r&eacute;pression brutale contre la grande noblesse et la Compagnie de J&eacute;sus. L&rsquo;auteur montre tr&egrave;s concr&egrave;tement comment la destruction physique des lieux du pouvoir (le palais royal, les tribunaux et les conseils) a permis une action politique nouvelle, bas&eacute;e sur l&rsquo;accaparement de comp&eacute;tences par les fid&egrave;les du ministre et le d&eacute;veloppement du pouvoir des intendants, au d&eacute;triment des formes traditionnelles de d&eacute;cision politique et d&rsquo;administration de la justice.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Mots-cl&eacute;s.&nbsp;</strong>attentat, Carvalho e Melo (marquis de Pombal), j&eacute;suites, s&eacute;isme, tremblement de terre de Lisbonne, 1755.</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p><strong><strong>Jos&eacute; SUBTIL, &laquo; The Political Earthquake (1755-1759) &laquo;&nbsp;<em>Le Portugal accabl&eacute; et &eacute;branl&eacute;</em>&nbsp;&raquo; &raquo;.</strong></strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Abstract.&nbsp;</strong>This article describes the enormous political consequences of the 1755 earthquake. It originated an unprecedented political centralization, conducted in the years after 1755 by the faction of the secretary of state Sebasti&atilde;o Jos&eacute; de Carvalho e Melo (the future Count of Oeiras and Marquis de Pombal). While most aspects of this centralization are well known, the article shows the sequence of political events that the earthquake made possible: exceptional measures originated conspiracies against Carvalho e Melo and an attempt to assassinate the King, which was followed by a brutal repression against the nobility and the Society of Jesus. The author shows concretely how the physical destruction of the places of power (the royal palace, courts and councils) allowed for new forms of political action, at the expenses of traditional forms of decision-making and administration of justice.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Keywords.&nbsp;</strong>attempt, Carvalho e Melo (marquis of Pombal), Jesuits, seism, Lisbon earthquake, 1755.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">&nbsp;</p> <p><strong><a href="https://atlante.univ-lille.fr/data/images/_articles/ATLANTE_1_7.pdf">T&eacute;l&eacute;charger l'article complet (pdf, 336 Kb)</a></strong></p> Wed, 09 May 2018 15:58:00 +0200 admin 04. La nouvelle du tremblement de terre : de Lisbonne à Genève et retour https://atlante.univ-lille.fr/04-la-nouvelle-du-tremblement-de-terre-de-lisbonne-a-geneve-et-retour.html https://atlante.univ-lille.fr/04-la-nouvelle-du-tremblement-de-terre-de-lisbonne-a-geneve-et-retour.html <p>Andr&eacute; Belo<br />Universit&eacute; de Rennes 2<br />Equipe d'acueuil ERIMIT EA 4327<br />p. 111-135.</p><p>&nbsp;</p> <p><strong>Andr&eacute; BELO. &laquo; La nouvelle du tremblement de terre : de Lisbonne &agrave; Gen&egrave;ve et retour &raquo;.</strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>R&eacute;sum&eacute;.</strong>&nbsp;L&rsquo;article aborde la circulation de l&rsquo;information sur le tremblement de terre de 1755, en suivant deux parcours diff&eacute;rents&nbsp;: partant de la premi&egrave;re r&eacute;action connue de Voltaire &agrave; la nouvelle du s&eacute;isme, il accompagne le cheminement de l&rsquo;information dans le r&eacute;seau de l&rsquo;&eacute;crivain, depuis peu install&eacute; aux &laquo;&nbsp;D&eacute;lices&nbsp;&raquo;, pr&egrave;s de Gen&egrave;ve&nbsp;; dans un second temps, il s&rsquo;agit de montrer de quelle mani&egrave;re les num&eacute;ros de la&nbsp;Gazette de Lisbonne&nbsp;qui ont &eacute;t&eacute; publi&eacute;s apr&egrave;s le s&eacute;isme, peuvent se r&eacute;v&eacute;ler, au-del&agrave; d&rsquo;un laconisme de surface, une source int&eacute;ressante pour comprendre la r&eacute;action &agrave; la catastrophe. Dans les deux cas, il s&rsquo;agit de lire les toutes premi&egrave;res r&eacute;actions au tremblement de terre de Lisbonne &agrave; partir d&rsquo;une r&eacute;flexion sur l&rsquo;h&eacute;t&eacute;rog&eacute;n&eacute;it&eacute; des moyens de diffusion de l&rsquo;information existant &agrave; l&rsquo;&eacute;poque.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Mots-cl&eacute;s.&nbsp;</strong>Gazette de Lisbonne, information, tremblement de terre de Lisbonne, Voltaire, 1755.</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p><strong>Andr&eacute; BELO. &laquo; News of the earthquaque: From Lisbon to Geneva and Back &raquo;.</strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Abstract.&nbsp;</strong>This essay deals with the circulation of news after the 1755 Lisbon earthquake. Two different routes are followed: starting from the first letter of Voltaire referring to the quake, the article describes the circulation of information within the French writer&rsquo;s network, particularly in Geneva, where Voltaire was by then living; in a second moment, the article analyses briefly the issues of the Lisbon Gazette that were published after the earthquake. It tries to show that, beyond an apparently laconic text, the periodical remains a valuable source for understanding echoes of the disaster. In both cases, the goal is to provide a reflection on the diversity of existing news media at the time.</p> <p><strong>Keywords.&nbsp;</strong>Gazette de Lisbon, information, Lisbon earthquake, Voltaire, 1755.</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p><strong><a href="https://atlante.univ-lille.fr/data/images/_articles/ATLANTE_1_4.pdf">T&eacute;l&eacute;charger l'article complet (pdf, 358 Kb)</a></strong></p> <p>&nbsp;</p> Wed, 09 May 2018 15:51:00 +0200 admin 03. « Quand s’entrouvre et chancelle cette terre qui nous porte… » Sur quelques représentations mythiques et usages poétiques du tremblement de terre https://atlante.univ-lille.fr/02-quand-sentrouvre-et-chancelle-cette-terre-qui-nous-porte-sur-quelques-representations-mythiques-et-usages-poetiques-du-tremblement-de-terre.html https://atlante.univ-lille.fr/02-quand-sentrouvre-et-chancelle-cette-terre-qui-nous-porte-sur-quelques-representations-mythiques-et-usages-poetiques-du-tremblement-de-terre.html <p>Philippe Rousseau<br />Universit&eacute; Lille 3<br />Savoirs, Texte, Langage UMR 8163<br />p. 81-109.</p><p>&nbsp;</p> <p><strong>Philippe ROUSSEAU, &laquo; Quand s&rsquo;entrouvre et chancelle cette terre qui nous porte&hellip; &raquo; Sur quelques repr&eacute;sentations mythiques et usages po&eacute;tiques du tremblement de terre.</strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>R&eacute;sum&eacute;.</strong>&nbsp;Afin de compl&eacute;ter l&rsquo;&eacute;tude de l&rsquo;effet du s&eacute;isme de 1755 sur les consciences et les discussions qui suivirent le d&eacute;sastre au Portugal et en Europe, Ph. Rousseau part du trait&eacute; dans lequel S&eacute;n&egrave;que analyse les r&eacute;actions des hommes devant ces catastrophes naturelles et s&rsquo;applique &agrave; pr&eacute;munir ses lecteurs contre la peur, si compr&eacute;hensible, de ces &eacute;v&eacute;nements redoutables, et &agrave; les mettre en garde contre les interpr&eacute;tations et les conduites irrationnelles que ceux-ci inspirent. Dans cette description de l&rsquo;exp&eacute;rience mentale spontan&eacute;e de la catastrophe, le sto&iuml;cien recourt &agrave; une image dont la premi&egrave;re attestation remonte &agrave; la plus ancienne description d&rsquo;un tremblement de terre dans la po&eacute;sie occidentale, au d&eacute;but du chant XX de l&rsquo;<em>Iliade</em>. Le choix de cette citation est d&eacute;lib&eacute;r&eacute;. S&eacute;n&egrave;que relie par ce biais l&rsquo;exp&eacute;rience de la conscience commune aux repr&eacute;sentations qui donnent &agrave; cet &eacute;branlement cosmique le sens d&rsquo;un &eacute;v&eacute;nement eschatologique &ndash; la manifestation surnaturelle d&rsquo;un dessein divin et l&rsquo;annonce de la fin du monde ou d&rsquo;un &acirc;ge du monde. Le d&eacute;cha&icirc;nement des forces telluriques a pu encore passer en 1755 pour l&rsquo;effet de la col&egrave;re divine et une pr&eacute;figuration de la fin des temps comme, dans la th&eacute;omachie iliadique, l&rsquo;&eacute;branlement du sol par Pos&eacute;idon annonce, figurativement, la fin de l&rsquo;&acirc;ge des h&eacute;ros.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Mots-cl&eacute;s.</strong>&nbsp;catastrophe, &eacute;v&eacute;nement eschatologique,&nbsp;<em>Iliade</em>, S&eacute;n&egrave;que, tremblement de terre de Lisbonne, 1755.</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p><strong>Philippe ROUSSEAU,&nbsp;&laquo; Quand s&rsquo;entrouvre et chancelle cette terre qui nous porte&hellip; &raquo;&nbsp;On some mythical representations and poetic uses of the earthquake.</strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Abstract.</strong>&nbsp;In order to complete the study of the impact of the earthquake of 1755 on the minds of the people and the discussions which followed the disaster in Portugal and in Europe, Ph.&nbsp;Rousseau takes as his starting point the treatise in which Seneca studies the way human beings react to those natural catastrophes and endeavours to protect his readers against the very understandable fear of those terrifying events as well as to warn them against the irrational interpretations and behaviours inspired by them. Describing the spontaneous human response to this kind of catastrophe the Stoic philosopher makes use of an image of which the first attestation goes back to the oldest depiction of an earthquake in European poetry, at the beginning of book&nbsp;XX in the Iliad. The quotation is intentional. Seneca links up through it the common experience of the human mind and the mythical representations which give to the cosmic tremor the sense of an eschatological event &ndash; the supernatural manifestation of a divine design and the harbinger of the end of the world or of an age of the world. The outburst of telluric forces could still be taken in 1755 for an effect of the divine wrath and the foreshadowing of the end of time, just as in the Iliadic Theomachy the shaking of the earth by Poseidon figuratively foretells the end of the age of heroes.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Keywords.</strong>&nbsp;catastrophe, eschatological event,&nbsp;<em>Iliad</em>, Lisbon earthquake, Seneca, 1755.</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p><strong><a href="https://atlante.univ-lille.fr/data/images/_articles/ATLANTE_1_3.pdf">T&eacute;l&eacute;charger l'article complet (pdf, 358 Kb)</a>&nbsp;</strong></p> Wed, 09 May 2018 15:49:00 +0200 admin 02. Le désastre de Lisbonne, un <em>teras</em>. En guise d’introduction https://atlante.univ-lille.fr/01-le-desastre-de-lisbonne-un-teras-en-guise-dintroduction.html https://atlante.univ-lille.fr/01-le-desastre-de-lisbonne-un-teras-en-guise-dintroduction.html <p>Olinda Kleiman<br />Universit&eacute; Lille 3<br />CECILLE EA 4074<br />p.8-79.</p><p>&nbsp;</p> <p><strong>Olinda KLEIMAN &laquo;&nbsp;Le desastre de Lisbonne, un <em>teras</em>. En guise d'introduction &raquo;.</strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>R&eacute;sum&eacute;.</strong>&nbsp;Pr&eacute;sentant le num&eacute;ro monographique, Olinda Kleiman en situe le propos dans une interrogation sur les raisons qui ont fait du tremblement de terre de Lisbonne, au moins en Occident, l&rsquo;exemple de r&eacute;f&eacute;rence des s&eacute;ismes catastrophiques, et plus g&eacute;n&eacute;ralement des d&eacute;sastres naturels. Compte sans doute au nombre de ces raisons la lumi&egrave;re que les &eacute;crits de Voltaire ont projet&eacute;e sur l&rsquo;&eacute;v&eacute;nement, mais les facteurs qui ont contribu&eacute; &agrave; cette notori&eacute;t&eacute; exceptionnelle sont plus profonds et ne se r&eacute;duisent pas non plus &agrave; la violence du ph&eacute;nom&egrave;ne, &agrave; l&rsquo;&eacute;tendue des destructions, ni &agrave; la richesse et au prestige de la capitale emport&eacute;e par le d&eacute;sastre. Des &eacute;tudes rassembl&eacute;es dans le num&eacute;ro, l&rsquo;auteur tire la confirmation que cette catastrophe doit la place qui a &eacute;t&eacute; la sienne, synchroniquement et diachroniquement, dans la conscience europ&eacute;enne, au contexte des Lumi&egrave;res dont elle explore les aspects significatifs&nbsp;: diffusion de l&rsquo;information, r&eacute;actions de la soci&eacute;t&eacute; et transformations du pouvoir au Portugal, attitudes contrast&eacute;es des t&eacute;moins dans le compte rendu que leur correspondance donne des faits, conflits th&eacute;oriques et pratiques enfin sur l&rsquo;interpr&eacute;tation &ndash; th&eacute;ologique, m&eacute;taphysique, scientifique &ndash; de l&rsquo;&eacute;v&eacute;nement et la conduite &agrave; tenir devant ses cons&eacute;quences. Le tremblement de terre de Lisbonne eut l&rsquo;&eacute;cho que l&rsquo;on sait parce que les probl&egrave;mes qu&rsquo;il posa et les d&eacute;bats qu&rsquo;il fit na&icirc;tre mirent en r&eacute;sonance les ruptures et les r&eacute;sistances de l&rsquo;&eacute;poque.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Mots-cl&eacute;s. </strong>information, Lumi&egrave;res, s&eacute;isme,&nbsp;<em>teras</em>, tremblement de terre de Lisbonne, Voltaire, 1755.</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p><strong>Olinda KLEIMAN &laquo; The Lisbon Disaster, a <em>teras</em>. By way of an introduction &raquo;.</strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Abstract.</strong><strong style="font-size: 11px;">&nbsp;</strong>Olinda Kleiman sets out the purpose of the monographic issue to be a reflection on the reasons why the Lisbon earthquake of 1755 became, in the Western tradition at least, the emblem of the catastrophic tremor, or, generally, of any natural disaster. One could probably count amongst the causes the illustration shed on the event by Voltaire&rsquo;s writings, but the main contributing factors in such exceptional notoriety go much deeper, and do not also boil down only to the particular violence of the seism, the extent of the destructions, or the wealth and prestige of the capital city wiped out in the disaster. In the studies collected in the volume Olinda Kleiman finds confirmation that the catastrophe owned its fame, and the place it holds in the European consciousness, to the historical context of the Enlightenment, of which she passes in review the most relevant aspects: diffusion of the news, reactions of the society and transformations in the political power in Portugal, difference of attitudes in the way the witnesses report the facts in their letters, and, finally, theoretical and practical conflicts on the theological, metaphysical and scientific interpretation of the event, and the course of action to deal with its consequences. The earthquake in Lisbon made such an impact, because the problems that it created and the controversies to which it gave rise brought into resonance the innovative transformations and the oppositions to change of the era.</p> <div class="surlignable"> <div class="texte entry-content"> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Keywords:&nbsp;</strong>information, Enlightenment, Lisbon earthquake, seism,&nbsp;<em>teras</em>, Voltaire, 1755.</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p><strong><a href="https://atlante.univ-lille.fr/data/images/_articles/ATLANTE_1_2.pdf">T&eacute;l&eacute;charger l'article complet (pdf, 540 Kb)</a></strong></p> <h3>&nbsp;</h3> </div> </div> Tue, 06 Feb 2018 10:49:00 +0100 admin