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Atlante - Revue d'études romanes - Tag tupamaros https://atlante.univ-lille.fr/tag/tupamaros fr Thu, 21 Jun 2018 09:26:00 +0200 PluXml 01. Los « tupamaros », la guerrilla « Robin Hood » https://atlante.univ-lille.fr/01-los-tupamaros-la-guerrilla-robin-hood.html https://atlante.univ-lille.fr/01-los-tupamaros-la-guerrilla-robin-hood.html <p>Carlos Demasi<br />Centro de Estudios Interdisciplinarios Uruguayos<br />Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educaci&oacute;n<br />Universidad de la Rep&uacute;blica de Uruguay<br />p. 9-28.</p><p><strong>Carlos DEMASI, <strong><strong>"Los 'Tupamaros', la guerrilla "Robin Hood'".</strong></strong><br /></strong></p> <p><strong>Resumen</strong>. A fines de los a&ntilde;os 60 comenz&oacute; a hacerse conocido internacionalmente un movimiento guerrillero latinoamericano, los &laquo;&nbsp;Tupamaros&nbsp;&raquo;. Surgido en Uruguay, considerada una de las dos &laquo;&nbsp;democracias estables&nbsp;&raquo; de Sud&aacute;merica, actuaba en el medio urbano y no en las zonas rurales como era lo habitual. Sus operaciones generalmente incruentas y muy bien planeadas, se desarrollaban con llamativa precisi&oacute;n dejando en rid&iacute;culo al gobierno. Este &laquo;&nbsp;estilo Robin Hood&nbsp;&raquo;&nbsp;atrajo la atenci&oacute;n y les gan&oacute; popularidad entre los ciudadanos comunes, pero progresivamente fue sustituido por acciones m&aacute;s convencionales: secuestros, asesinatos, atentados, etc. El giro estrat&eacute;gico facilit&oacute; el aislamiento del grupo y su desmantelamiento en 1972. Sin embargo, algo de aquel estilo de acci&oacute;n fue recuperado por los tupamaros ya en la legalidad, y se ha transformado en uno de los factores de su &eacute;xito en la pol&iacute;tica uruguaya.</p> <p><strong>Palabras clave.&nbsp;</strong>Uruguay, Lucha armada, Tupamaros.</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p><strong><strong>Carlos DEMASI, &laquo;&nbsp;Les &laquo;&nbsp;Tupamaros&nbsp;&raquo;, la guerrilla &laquo;&nbsp;Robin Hood&nbsp;&raquo;&nbsp;&raquo;.</strong></strong></p> <p><strong>R&eacute;sum&eacute;</strong>. &Agrave; la fin des ann&eacute;es 60, le groupe <em>guerrillero</em> latino-am&eacute;ricain &laquo;&nbsp;Tupamaros&nbsp;&raquo; est connu internationalement. Surgi en Uruguay,&nbsp;l&rsquo;une des deux &laquo;&nbsp;d&eacute;mocraties stables&nbsp;&raquo; de l&rsquo;Am&eacute;rique du Sud, il agissait en milieu urbain, et non pas dans les zones rurales comme il &eacute;tait habituel pour cette sorte de mouvance. Ses op&eacute;rations n&rsquo;&eacute;taient g&eacute;n&eacute;ralement pas cruelles et, parce qu&rsquo;elles &eacute;taient tr&egrave;s bien pr&eacute;par&eacute;es, elles se d&eacute;roulaient avec une grande pr&eacute;cision et ridiculisaient le gouvernement. Ce style &laquo;&nbsp;Robin Hood&nbsp;&raquo;&nbsp;attira l&rsquo;attention sur les Tupamaros et les rendit populaires aupr&egrave;s des citoyens communs, avant le passage progressif de cette organisation &agrave; des actions plus conventionnelles tels qu&rsquo;enl&egrave;vements, assassinats, etc. Ce tournant strat&eacute;gique conduisit &agrave; l&rsquo;isolement de ce groupe, puis &agrave; son d&eacute;membrement en 1972. N&eacute;anmoins, quelque chose de cet ancien style a &eacute;t&eacute; r&eacute;cup&eacute;r&eacute; par les Tupamaros &agrave; leur retour &agrave; la l&eacute;galit&eacute; r&eacute;publicaine, devenue m&ecirc;me un des facteurs-cl&eacute;s de leur succ&egrave;s dans la politique uruguayenne.&nbsp;</p> <p><strong>Palabras claves.&nbsp;</strong>Uruguay, Lutte arm&eacute;e, Tupamaros.</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p><strong><strong>Carlos DEMASI, " The "Tupamaros", a "Robin Hood" Gerrilla".</strong></strong></p> <p><strong>Abstract</strong>. The &laquo;Tupamaros&raquo; guerrilla movement ruele known internationally by the late 1960&rsquo;s. Originated in Uruguay, then regarded as one out of two stable democracies in South America, it acted mostly in the urban environment and not in rural zones as it was customary. Its operations, devoid of cruelty and well planned, were executed with striking ruelesn and often ridiculing the government. This Robin Hood style gained attention and popularity among common citizens but progressively was substituted by more conventional actions: kidnappings, assassinations, bombings, etc. This strategic turn expedited the group&rsquo;s isolation and its dismantling in 1972. However, cues from that style were reclaimed by the Tupamaros political movement back in democracy, which has become one of the factors of their success in Uruguayan politics.</p> <p><strong>Keywords.&nbsp;</strong>Uruguay, Armed struggle, Tupamaros.</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p><strong><a href="https://atlante.univ-lille.fr/data/images/_articles/ATLANTE_4_2.pdf">T&eacute;l&eacute;charger l'article complet (pdf, 208 Kb)</a></strong></p> Thu, 21 Jun 2018 09:26:00 +0200 admin